These are as follows: Cervical region: vertebral, deep cervical and occipital arteries ; Thoracic region: dorsal branches of posterior intercostal and subcostal arteries; Lumbar region: lumbar and lateral sacral arteries ; Except for the occipital artery, which is a The eyes are a set of sensory organs that play a crucial role in the visual system. The main trunk of the nerve is bound medially by the trachea and esophagus and laterally by the common carotid artery, the internal jugular vein and the vagus nerve. The superior surface is unique in that it is marked by two Within the thoracic cavity is the mediastinum.The mediastinum is the region of the thorax between the lungs.It extends from the level of the first rib, superiorly, The common carotid artery is a large elastic artery, which provides the main blood supply to the head and neck region.There is one common carotid artery on either side of the body and these arteries differ in their origin. ; The transverse (middle) part of the muscle is supplied by the superficial cervical artery, or by a On the right-hand side of the body, the brachiocephalic trunk arises from the arch of the aorta and bifurcates at the upper border of the 2nd right sternoclavicular joint.It gives rise to the right subclavian artery as well as the right common carotid artery.. Each trunk has a well-known scheme of origin from the roots of the brachial plexus: The superior trunk is formed by the roots of C5 and C6. Kenhub does not provide medical advice. The descending (upper) part of the muscle is supplied by transverse muscular branches arising from the occipital artery (branch of the external carotid), which passes along the deep surface of the muscle. The left common carotid artery arises from the aortic arch within the superior mediastinum, whilst the right common carotid artery arises Sometimes a fourth muscle, the scalenus minimus is present behind the lower portion of the scalenus anterior. ; Two vascular compartments: contain the common carotid artery, internal jugular vein All content published on Kenhub is reviewed by medical and anatomy experts. Left subclavian artery: this artery arises directly from the aortic arch, unlike the right subclavian artery that arises from the brachiocephalic trunk. Both profunda brachii and the brachial artery give important branches that form the elbow anastomoses. The subclavian artery is a paired arterial vessel of the thorax.The right and left arteries have different origins; the left subclavian artery originates directly from the aortic arch, while the right subclavian artery originates from the brachiocephalic trunk.. Subscapularis is a strong triangular muscle that fills the subscapular fossa of scapula.Lying posterolateral to the thoracic cage, it starts as a wide muscle whose medial two-thirds originate from the subscapular fossa of scapula and from several tendinous intramuscular septa at the ridges of the fossa.The remaining fibers arise from an aponeurosis that covers the Vertebral arteries The vertebral arteries stem from the subclavian arteries; two major arteries of the thorax that lie beneath the clavicles.The vertebral arteries ascend through the neck inside the transverse foramina of the cervical vertebrae, all the way to the brain.Through their course, they give off several meningeal, muscular and spinal branches for the nearby Here it forms the basilar artery. The thoracic cage takes the form of a domed bird cage with the horizontal bars formed by ribs and costal cartilages. The neurovascular bundle formed by the artery and the cords of the brachial plexus are enveloped It crosses the clavipectoral fascia and axillary artery to drain into the axillary vein below the clavicle. Because the third part of the subclavian artery is located in this region, the omoclavicular triangle is often called the subclavian triangle. The shoulder girdle, also called the pectoral girdle, is an incomplete bony ring formed by the clavicle and scapula on each side of the body, joined anteriorly by the manubrium of the sternum.The bones of the shoulder girdle articulate with each other and partake in the formation of 4 joints that include: The sternoclavicular joint - formed between the sternum and The arterial supply to trapezius varies depending on the level. Venous drainage is conveyed by the same-named veins which accompany the arteries and drain into the subclavian vein. The trachea, or windpipe, is a 10-11 cm long fibrocartilaginous tube of the lower respiratory tract.It forms the trunk of the tracheobronchial tree, or pulmonary conducting zone.The trachea extends between the larynx and thorax, consisting of two parts; cervical and thoracic.It ends at the level of the sternal angle (T5) where it divides into two main bronchi, one for each Within the sinus, the internal carotid artery travels anteriorly, in a horizontal manner until it reaches the anterior limit of the sinus. In the shoulder and arm, the brachial plexus gives rise to two nerves: the suprascapular nerve; the axillary nerve; When the brachial plexus is injured, these nerves are affected and some interesting clinical syndromes can be observed.. Arteries and veins. Supraspinatus sometimes receives a collateral blood supply via the dorsal scapular artery. Each trunk has a well-known scheme of origin from the roots of the brachial plexus: The superior trunk is formed by the roots of C5 and C6. ; The inferior trunk is formed by the roots of C8 and T1. Anterior and right lateral to the brachiocephalic trunk are Do you know why Kenhub's anatomy quiz questions are your secret to success when learning cross sections? ; The transverse (middle) part of the muscle is supplied by the superficial cervical artery, or by a The neurovascular bundle formed by the artery and the cords of the brachial plexus are enveloped It is supported by the vertical sternum Secretory lobes: consist of lobules and tubuloalveolar glands, which produce milk in response to prolactin. The brachial plexus and subclavian artery pass between the anterior and middle scalenes, while the subclavian vein and phrenic nerve pass anteriorly to the anterior scalene as the muscle crosses over the first rib. These nerves work in sync to manifest movements, reflexes, and vision. ; The middle trunk is formed from the root of C7 only. The axillary vein is renamed the subclavian vein once it passes the lateral border of the first rib, All content published on Kenhub is reviewed by medical and anatomy experts. The first rib is the widest, shortest and has the sharpest curve of all the ribs. Overview The thorax is the region of the body extending from the base of the neck and thoracic inlet (the latter being at the supraclavicular fossae) to the diaphragm (marked anteriorly by the xiphisternal joint).. ; Two vascular compartments: contain the common carotid artery, internal jugular vein The eyes are responsible for detecting light that enters the eyes. Each trunk has a well-known scheme of origin from the roots of the brachial plexus: The superior trunk is formed by the roots of C5 and C6. The thoracic cage takes the form of a domed bird cage with the horizontal bars formed by ribs and costal cartilages. The eyes are responsible for detecting light that enters the eyes. The main artery in the shoulder is the axillary artery.This artery begins at the lateral border of the 1st Then, the light gets converted into an image in the brain. The head only articulates with the body of the T1 vertebra and therefore only one articulatory surface is present. Vertebral arteries The vertebral arteries stem from the subclavian arteries; two major arteries of the thorax that lie beneath the clavicles.The vertebral arteries ascend through the neck inside the transverse foramina of the cervical vertebrae, all the way to the brain.Through their course, they give off several meningeal, muscular and spinal branches for the nearby The posterior aspect of the vein is related to the rectus capitis lateralis, transverse process of atlas, scalenus anterior, cervical plexus, phrenic nerve, thyrocervical trunk, vertebral vein and subclavian artery. Both profunda brachii and the brachial artery give important branches that form the elbow anastomoses. All content published on Kenhub is reviewed by medical and anatomy experts. The descending (upper) part of the muscle is supplied by transverse muscular branches arising from the occipital artery (branch of the external carotid), which passes along the deep surface of the muscle. Key points about the lymph nodes of the head; Facial nodes Buccinator, nasolabial, malar, mandibular nodes Drainage: Lateral eyelid, nose and cheek Direction of flow: Facial nodes submandibular nodes jugulodigastric node inferior deep lateral cervical nodes supraclavicular nodes jugular trunk thoracic duct (left) or right lymphatic duct The main trunk of the nerve is bound medially by the trachea and esophagus and laterally by the common carotid artery, the internal jugular vein and the vagus nerve. As in the typical ribs, the tubercle has a facet for articulation with the transverse process of vertebrae. Secretory lobes: consist of lobules and tubuloalveolar glands, which produce milk in response to prolactin. The brachial plexus and subclavian artery pass between the anterior and middle scalenes, while the subclavian vein and phrenic nerve pass anteriorly to the anterior scalene as the muscle crosses over the first rib. Here the artery is also referred to as the cavernous part. The trachea, or windpipe, is a 10-11 cm long fibrocartilaginous tube of the lower respiratory tract.It forms the trunk of the tracheobronchial tree, or pulmonary conducting zone.The trachea extends between the larynx and thorax, consisting of two parts; cervical and thoracic.It ends at the level of the sternal angle (T5) where it divides into two main bronchi, one for each The information we provide is grounded on academic literature and peer-reviewed research. The brachial plexus and subclavian artery pass between the anterior and middle scalenes, while the subclavian vein and phrenic nerve pass anteriorly to the anterior scalene as the muscle crosses over the first rib. The left counterparts to these On the right-hand side of the body, the brachiocephalic trunk arises from the arch of the aorta and bifurcates at the upper border of the 2nd right sternoclavicular joint.It gives rise to the right subclavian artery as well as the right common carotid artery.. Venous drainage is conveyed by the same-named veins which accompany the arteries and drain into the subclavian vein. Both profunda brachii and the brachial artery give important branches that form the elbow anastomoses. These are as follows: Cervical region: vertebral, deep cervical and occipital arteries ; Thoracic region: dorsal branches of posterior intercostal and subcostal arteries; Lumbar region: lumbar and lateral sacral arteries ; Except for the occipital artery, which is a Multifidus receives arterial blood supply from a number of arteries along the length of the vertebral column. Innervation The subclavius is innervated by the subclavian nerve (C5-6), a small branch that arises from the superior trunk of brachial plexus. Function The main artery in the shoulder is the axillary artery.This artery begins at the lateral border of the 1st Subscapularis is a strong triangular muscle that fills the subscapular fossa of scapula.Lying posterolateral to the thoracic cage, it starts as a wide muscle whose medial two-thirds originate from the subscapular fossa of scapula and from several tendinous intramuscular septa at the ridges of the fossa.The remaining fibers arise from an aponeurosis that covers the As in the typical ribs, the tubercle has a facet for articulation with the transverse process of vertebrae. The subclavian artery is a paired arterial vessel of the thorax.The right and left arteries have different origins; the left subclavian artery originates directly from the aortic arch, while the right subclavian artery originates from the brachiocephalic trunk.. The sensory and motor innervation of the eyes originate from six paired cranial nerves. The left common carotid artery arises from the aortic arch within the superior mediastinum, whilst the right common carotid artery arises ; The middle trunk is formed from the root of C7 only. You can learn more about our content creation and review standards by reading our content quality guidelines. The arterial supply to trapezius varies depending on the level. The thoracic cage, also known as the rib cage, is the osteocartilaginous structure that encloses the thorax.It is formed by the 12 thoracic vertebrae, 12 pairs of ribs and associated costal cartilages and the sternum.. The first rib is the widest, shortest and has the sharpest curve of all the ribs. Left subclavian artery: this artery arises directly from the aortic arch, unlike the right subclavian artery that arises from the brachiocephalic trunk. Relevant literature has shown that upwards of 10% of the adult population suffers from frequent episodes of neck pain, described as at least three instances of pain in a year, the prevalence of neck pain is the fourth leading cause of global disability. In the shoulder and arm, the brachial plexus gives rise to two nerves: the suprascapular nerve; the axillary nerve; When the brachial plexus is injured, these nerves are affected and some interesting clinical syndromes can be observed.. Arteries and veins. Key facts about the female breast; Mammary gland: Gross arrangement: 15-20 secretory lobes separated by suspensory ligaments. Here it curves vertically and superiorly to exit the sinus through its roof and become the cerebral part of the internal carotid artery. Although there is a dual supply to the brain, each division shares a common origin. The suprascapular artery passes through the suprascapular notch, along with the suprascapular nerve to supply supraspinatus. ; The whole anterior aspect of the vein, except for a short superior portion, lies deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle.Below the sternocleidomastoid, the ; The whole anterior aspect of the vein, except for a short superior portion, lies deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle.Below the sternocleidomastoid, the Surrounding the trachea there are three arterial lumens representing the left subclavian artery, left common carotid artery and brachiocephalic trunk. The eyes are a set of sensory organs that play a crucial role in the visual system. The vertebrobasilar system arises from the first part of the subclavian arteries and travels cranially through the transverse foramina of the upper six cervical vertebrae.